破四重戒或十波罗夷戒者应当如何不堕地狱？
How Should Those Who Have Broken The Four Heavy Precepts Or Ten Pārājikas’ Precepts Not Fall Into The Hells?
《楞严经》流通分
Śūraṅgama Sūtra: Transmission Section
【释迦牟尼佛】：「阿难！若复有人，遍满十方，所有虚空，盈满七宝，持以奉上微尘诸佛，承事供养，心无虚度，于意云何？是人以此施佛因缘 ，得福多不？」
[Śākyamuni Buddha]: ‘Ānanda, if again, [there] is [a] person, everywhere filling [the] ten directions’ all empty space, [to be] full [with the] seven treasures, holding [and] using [them] to offer fine dust [motes of] all Buddhas, supporting, serving [and] making offerings, [with the] mind without [that] emptily passed, what [do you] think? [Does] this person, with this giving [to] Buddhas’ cause [and] condition, attain many blessings [or] not?’
[Note 1: The seven treasures (七宝) represent everything physically precious offered to all Buddhas.]
阿难答言：「虚空无尽，珍宝无边。昔有众生，施佛七钱，舍身犹获，转轮王位。
Ānanda replied, ‘[As] empty space [is] inexhaustible, [the] precious treasures [are] boundless. [In the] past, [there] was [a] sentient being, [who] gave [a] Buddha seven coins. [With] relinquishing [of the] body, also obtaining [a] Wheel-Turning King’s position.
[Note 2: A Wheel-Turning Noble King (转轮圣王) is a King who is able to live by and rule an entire world system (世界) with the Right Dharma (正法).]
[Note 3: Even offering less than ten currency units is able to create the meritorious virtues (功德) to become such a great King.]
况复现前，虚空既穷，佛土充遍，皆施珍宝？穷劫思议，尚不能及，是福云何，更有边际？」
Moreover, [of this] present [person, with] empty space completely exhausted, [in] Buddha lands filling everywhere, [to] all giving precious treasures? Exhausting kalpas contemplating, still not able [to] compare, how are [those] blessings even [able to] have boundaries?’
[Note 4: Thus, this first person will have ‘boundlessly’ more blessings than the person who gave seven coins.]
佛告阿难：「诸佛如来，语无虚妄。若复有人，身具四重、十波罗夷，瞬息即经，此方他方，阿鼻地狱，乃至穷尽，十方无间，靡不经历。
[The] Buddha told Ānanda, ‘All Buddha Thus Come [Ones’] words [are] without falsehood. If again, [there] is [a] person, [having] personally completely [broken the] Four Heavy [Precepts] [四重戒] [and] Ten Pārājikas’ [Precepts] [十波罗夷戒], [in] one moment [of the] breath, immediately passing, [who should fall into] this direction [and] other directions’ Avīci Hells. And even exhausting completely [the] ten directions’ Uninterrupted [Hells], not having [those] not experienced.
[Note 5: Teachings on how to uphold the Four Heavy Precepts (四重戒) in this same Śūraṅgama Sūtra’s《楞严经》Four Kinds Of Clear And Definitive Instructions On Purity’s Section (四种决定清净明悔章) can be seen at https://purelanders.com/minghuizhang. This can perhaps be called the Buddha’s Demon-Preventing Shield (防魔盾), for protecting against demonic obstacles (魔障).]
[Note 6: Teachings on how to uphold the Ten Pārājikas’ Precepts (十波罗夷戒), which extend from the Four Heavy Precepts, are the Brahma Net Sūtra’s Bodhisattva Precepts’ Text’s《梵网经菩萨戒本》Ten Heavy Precepts (十重戒), which can be seen at https://purelanders.com/pusa.]
[Note 7: This second person’s evil karmas (恶业) created are so deep and heavy (深重) that upon death, he or she should instantly fall into this world system’s lowest hell, followed by other worlds’ lowest hell, one after another, should each existing world becomes destroyed, since the evil karmas are yet to be exhausted in bearing fruits.]
[Note 8: Thus, this second person should receive ‘boundless’ suffering.]
能以一念 ，将此法门，于末劫中，开示未学，是人罪障，应念消灭，变其所受，地狱苦因，成安乐国。
[If] able [to], with one moment, use this Dharma Door, in [the Dharma-]Ending Age within, teach [those] yet [to] learn, this person’s transgressive obstacles [will] immediately, [in an] instant [be] eliminated, changing their those receiving hells’ sufferings’ causes, [to] become [those for the] Land [Of] Peace [And] Bliss.
[Note 9: Thus, this second person should share this very teaching, or better still, the teachings in Note 4, Note 5 and Note 10, (with the rest in this sūtra too), as repentant (忏悔) practices and remedial actions, to encourage oneself and others to uphold the Precepts (持戒) well and practise mindfulness of Buddha (念佛) sincerely.]
[Note 10: Perhaps one of the shortest self-contained teachings in this sūtra that can be shared, which encourages sincere mindfulness of Buddha is Great Power Arrived Bodhisattva’s Perfect Penetration With Mindfulness Of Buddha’s Section《大势至菩萨念佛圆通章》, which can be seen at https://purelanders.com/yuantong.]
[Note 11: It is also with sincere or wholehearted (一心) mindfulness of Buddha in terms of Āmítuófó’s (阿弥陀佛) name, that his Pure Land (净土) Of Peace And Bliss (安乐国) (i.e. Ultimate Bliss: 极乐) is easiest reached.]
[Note 12: Interestingly in this conclusion of the Śūraṅgama Sūtra《楞严经》, which will be the first sūtra to disappear in this Dharma-Ending Age (末法时期), according to the Buddha, (due to disinterest, evil karmas and demonic interferences), there is the above connection to the Pure Land teachings. (More on the Dharma-Ending Age can be seen in The Sūtra In Which The Buddha Speaks Of The Dharma’s Complete End《法灭尽经》at https://purelanders.com/mie.]
‘Coincidentally’, (or rather, purposely), in the Immeasurable Life Sūtra《无量寿经》, which can be seen at https://purelanders.com/dajing, according to the Buddha again, it will be the last surviving sūtra to disappear in this Dharma-Ending Age, with him extending its stay for a hundred years. These two facts remind us of the central importance of the Pure Land teachings.]
[Note 13: Even if the above is able to be briefly taught in this present Dharma-Ending Age to anyone, which could be considerably challenging, the meritorious virtues created will be so great, that this second person’s otherwise hellbound karmas will not only be eliminated at once, they will transform to be pure karmas (净业) for reaching Pure Land. A way to perhaps teach the above is to share this article.]
得福超越，前之施人，百倍千倍、千万亿倍，如是乃至，算数譬喻，所不能及。
[Those] attained blessings surpass those [of the] previous giving person [by a] hundred times, [a] thousand times, ten million koṭis’ times. Thus, and even [with] counting [and] analogies, those [are] not able [to] compare.
[Note 14: Thus, this second person will truly have boundlessly more blessings than the first person, as there is offering of Dharma treasure(s) (法宝) instead, which represent everything spiritually precious to sentient beings, especially in this Dharma-Ending Age, when the crucial Right Dharma (正法) is increasingly difficult to encounter in time.]
阿难！若有众生，能诵此经，能持此咒，如我广说，穷劫不尽。依我教言，如教行道，直成菩提，无复魔业。」
Ānanda, if [there] are sentient beings, [who are] able [to] recite this [Śūraṅgama] Sūtra《楞严经》, able [to] uphold this [Śūraṅgama] Mantra [楞严咒], according [with what] I [have] widely spoken, [their blessings will] exhaust kalpas endlessly. Relying [on] my teachings said, according [to the] teachings practising [the] path, directly [until] accomplishing Bodhi [i.e. Enlightenment of Buddhahood (佛果)], [they will] not again [have] demonic karmas.’
[Note 15: For Pure Land (karmas’) practitioners (净业行人), the parts of the Śūraṅgama Sūtra《楞严经》to be studied and recited especially, are listed in Note 5 and Note 10 above, as recommended by the Pure Land Tradition’s 13th Patriarch Great Master Yìnguāng (净土宗十三祖印光大师), who included them in his publication of The Pure Land Tradition’s Five Sūtras《净土五经》, which can be seen at https://purelanders.com/wujing. This Fifty Aggregates’ Demonic States’ Section (五十阴魔章) can also be studied for recognising and preventing demonic states: https://cbetaonline.dila.edu.tw/zh/T0945_010. This can perhaps be called the Buddha’s Demon-Reflecting Mirror (照妖镜), for discerning demonic states.]
[Note 16: According to the Sūtra In Which The Buddha Speaks Of Amitā(bha) Buddha’s Fundamental Esoteric Spiritual Mantra《佛说阿弥陀佛根本秘密神咒经》, which can be seen at https://purelanders.com/shenzhou, ‘that Buddha’s name (Āmítuófó), is the same as the unsurpassable true and most ultimate Dharma of the Great Vehicle, the same as the unsurpassable excellent, pure, definitive and wonderful practice, the same as the unsurpassable most supreme, subtle and wonderful dhāraṇī.’ (彼佛名号【阿弥陀佛】，即是为无上真实至极大乘之法，即是为无上殊胜清净了义妙行，即是为无上最胜微妙陀罗尼。) Thus, Āmítuófó’s name, which functions like an unsurpassable mantra (无上咒) too, is equal to and encompasses all other mantras and dhāraṇīs. (Dhāraṇīs can be defined as more complex mantras.)]
[Note 17: There will be no demonic obstacles (魔障) if the teachings above are practised, especially those on the precepts, as it is with weak or no upholding of the precepts, that demonic karmas are created, giving rise to demonic obstacles. Along with sincere, diligent and regular practice of mindfulness of Buddha, which purifies and protects the body and mind, inner (mental) demons (心魔) and external (physical) demons will stay clear or be vanquished too.]
佛说此经已，比丘、比丘尼、优婆塞、优婆夷，一切世间，天、人、阿修罗，及诸他方，菩萨二乘、圣仙童子，并初发心大力鬼神，皆大欢喜，作礼而去。
[The] Buddha, [having] spoken this sūtra already, Bhikṣus [i.e. monks], Bhikṣuṇīs [i.e. nuns], Upāsakas [i.e. laymen], Upāsikās [i.e. laywomen], all [the] world’s heavenly [beings] [i.e. gods], human [beings], asuras [i.e. demi-gods], and all other directions’ Bodhisattvas, [those of the] Two Vehicles [i.e. Pratyekabuddhas (辟支佛) and Voice-Hearers (声闻)], noble sagacious youths, and great powerful ghosts [and] gods, all [gave rise to] joy, [as they] paid homage and departed.
《楞严经》五十阴魔章
Śūraṅgama Sūtra: Fifty Aggregates’ Demonic [States’] Section
Namo Amituofo : Translation and notes by Shen Shi’an
[Note 18: The below offers a way to understand what are some of the key sections in the Śūraṅgama Sūtra《楞严经》.
楞严三学偈
Śūraṅgama Sūtra’s Three Learnings’ Verses
楞严经戒学：清净明诲章。
严守四重戒：佛子防魔盾。
The Śūraṅgama Sūtra’s Precepts’ Learning, is in its Pure And Clear Instructions’ Section. With strict guarding of the Four Heavy Precepts, this is Buddhas’ disciples’ demon-preventing shield.
楞严经定学：念佛圆通章。
摄根诚净继：佛子感佛秘。
The Śūraṅgama Sūtra’s Concentration Learning, is in its Mindfulness Of Buddha’s Perfect Penetration’s Section. With gathering of all six roots, with sincere pure mindfulness in continuous succession, this is Buddhas’ disciples’ Buddha-connecting ‘secret’.
楞严经慧学：五十阴魔章。
不乱作圣心：佛子照妖镜。
The Śūraṅgama Sūtra’s Wisdom Learning, is in its Fifty Aggregates’ Demonic States’ Section. Not with confusions regarding them as noble beings’ minds, this is Buddhas’ disciples’ demon-reflecting mirror.]
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