《净土五经》之最低往生净土标准（为三资粮之依据的八个参考）
‘The Five Pure Land Sūtras’ Lowest Criteria For Rebirth In Pure Land (As Basis Of The Three Provisions With Eight References)
《大佛顶首楞严经大势至菩萨念佛圆通章》
[1] The Great Buddha Crown’s Śūraṅgama Sūtra’s Section On Great Power Arrived Bodhisattva’s Perfect Penetration With Mindfulness Of Buddha
https://purelanders.com/yuantong
若众生心，忆佛念佛，现前当来，必定见佛，去佛不远。
If sentient beings’ minds, recollect [Amitābha] Buddha, or are mindful of the Buddha[‘s name: “Āmítuófó” (阿弥陀佛)], manifesting in the present or in the future, they will definitely see the Buddha, with the Buddha not far away.
(1) 因：(i), (ii), (iii) 忆佛念佛
(1) Cause: (i), (ii), (iii) Recollect [Amitābha] Buddha, or are mindful of the Buddha’s name
[These are the Three Provisions (三资粮) of (iii) true Practice (实行) of mindfulness of Buddha (念佛) with (i) profound Faith (深信) and (ii) sincere Aspiration (切愿).]
缘：现前当来，必定见佛
Conditions: Manifesting in the present or in the future, they will definitely see the Buddha
果：去佛不远
Effect: With the Buddha not far away
《阿弥陀经》
[2] Amitābha Sūtra
https://purelanders.com/sutra
若有善男子、善女人，闻说阿弥陀佛，执持名号，若一日、若二日、若三日、若四日、若五日、若六日、若七日，一心不乱。其人临命终时，阿弥陀佛，与诸圣众，现在其前。是人终时，心不颠倒，即得往生阿弥陀佛极乐国土。
If there are good men and good women, who hear this spoken about Amitā[bha] Buddha, firmly uphold mindfulness of his name [i.e. Āmítuófó], if for one day, if for two days, if for three days, if for four days, if for five days, if for six days, if for seven days, wholeheartedly without being scattered, when these persons approach life’s end, Amitā[bha] Buddha, with many in his noble assembly will appear before them. When these persons’ lives are ending, their minds will not be inverted, and they will immediately attain rebirth in Amitā[bha] Buddha’s Land Of Ultimate Bliss.
(2) 因：(i), (ii), (iii) 闻说阿弥陀佛，执持名号，若一日、若二日、若三日、若四日、若五日、若六日、若七日，一心不乱。
(2) Cause: (i), (ii), (iii) Hear this spoken about Amitā[bha] Buddha, firmly uphold mindfulness of his name [i.e. Āmítuófó], if for one day, if for two days, if for three days, if for four days, if for five days, if for six days, if for seven days, wholeheartedly without being scattered
[These are the Three Provisions (三资粮) of (iii) true Practice (实行) of mindfulness of Buddha (念佛) with (i) profound Faith (深信) and (ii) sincere Aspiration (切愿).]
缘：其人临命终时，阿弥陀佛，与诸圣众，现在其前。
Conditions: When these persons approach life’s end, Amitā[bha] Buddha, with many in his noble assembly will appear before them.
果：是人终时，心不颠倒，即得往生阿弥陀佛极乐国土。
Effect: When these persons’ lives are ending, their minds will not be inverted, and they will immediately attain rebirth in Amitā[bha] Buddha’s Land Of Ultimate Bliss.
《无量寿经》
[3] Immeasurable Life Sūtra
https://purelanders.com/dajing
【第十八：十念皆生我国愿】
设我得佛，十方众生，至心信乐，欲生我国，乃至十念，若不生者，不取正觉。唯除五逆，诽谤正法。
[Eighteenth Vow Of Those With Ten Thoughts All Born In My Land]
If I attain Buddhahood, of the ten directions’ sentient beings, with the sincere mind of joyful faith, desiring birth in my land, and even with ten thoughts, if there are those not born there, I shall not obtain Right Awakening. Only excluded are those with the Five Heinous Transgressions, who slandered the Right Dharma.
(3) 因：(i) 至心信乐，(ii) 欲生我国，(iii) 乃至十念
(3) Cause: (i) With the sincere mind of joyful faith, (ii) desiring birth in my land, (iii) and even with ten thoughts
[These are the Three Provisions (三资粮) of (iii) true Practice (实行) of mindfulness of Buddha (念佛) with (i) profound Faith (深信) and (ii) sincere Aspiration (切愿).]
缘：[得佛接引]
Conditions: [Attain the Buddha’s reception and guidance]
果：生者
Effect: Born there
【三辈总生】
诸有众生，闻其名号，信心欢喜，乃至一念至心回向，愿生彼国，即得往生，住不退转。唯除五逆，诽谤正法。
[Three Grades’ General Births]
All sentient beings, who hear his name, with the faithful mind joyful, and even with one thought, with the sincere mind dedicate, aspire to be born in that land, will immediately attain rebirth there, and abide in non-retrogression. Only excluded are those with the Five Heinous Transgressions, who slandered the Right Dharma.
(4) 因：(iii) 闻其名号，(i) 信心欢喜，(ii) 乃至一念至心回向，愿生彼国
(4) Cause: (iii) Hear his name, (i) with the faithful mind joyful, (ii) and even with one thought, with the sincere mind dedicate, aspire to be born in that land
[These are the Three Provisions (三资粮) of (iii) true Practice (实行) of mindfulness of Buddha (念佛) with (i) profound Faith (深信) and (ii) sincere Aspiration (切愿).]
缘：[得佛接引]
Conditions: [Attain the Buddha’s reception and guidance]
果：即得往生
Effect: Will immediately attain rebirth there
【下辈下生】
若闻深法，欢喜信乐，不生疑惑，乃至一念，念于彼佛，以至诚心，愿生其国。此人临终，梦见彼佛，亦得往生。
[Low Grade’s Low Birth]
If hearing the profound Dharma, with joyful faith, not giving rise to doubts and confusions, and even with one thought, mindful of that Buddha, with the utmost sincere mind, aspiring to be born in his land. These persons, when approaching life’s end, will dream of seeing that Buddha, also attaining rebirth.
(5) 因：若闻深法，(i) 欢喜信乐，不生疑惑，(iii) 乃至一念，念于彼佛，(ii) 以至诚心，愿生其国。
(5) Cause: If hearing the profound Dharma, (i) with joyful faith, not giving rise to doubts and confusions, (iii) and even with one thought, mindful of that Buddha, (ii) with the utmost sincere mind, aspiring to be born in his land.
[These are the Three Provisions (三资粮) of (iii) true Practice (实行) of mindfulness of Buddha (念佛) with (i) profound Faith (深信) and (ii) sincere Aspiration (切愿).]
缘：此人临终，梦见彼佛
Conditions: These persons, when approaching life’s end, will dream of seeing that Buddha
果：得往生
Effect: Attaining rebirth
《观经》
[4] Contemplation Sūtra
https://purelanders.com/guanjing
【第十六观：下品下生】
佛告阿难，及韦提希：「下品下生者，或有众生，作不善业，五逆十恶，具诸不善。如此愚人，以恶业故，应堕恶道，经历多劫，受苦无穷。如此愚人，临命终时，遇善知识，种种安慰，为说妙法，教令念佛。彼人苦逼，不遑念佛。善友告言：『汝若不能念彼佛者，应称「无量寿佛」。如是至心，令声不绝，具足十念，称「南无阿弥陀佛」。』称佛名故，于念念中，除八十亿劫生死之罪。命终之时，见金莲华，犹如日轮，住其人前。如一念顷，即得往生极乐世界。
[Sixteenth Contemplation: The Low Grade’s Low Births]
The Buddha told Ānanda and Vaidehi, ‘For those of Low Grade’s Low Births, perhaps are sentient beings, who did unvirtuous karmas, the Five Heinous Transgressions and the Ten Evil Karmas, complete with all of the unvirtuous. These such foolish persons, with evil karma thus, should fall into evil paths, passing through many kalpas, to receive suffering without end. These such foolish persons, when approaching their lives’ end, meet good-knowing friends, offering all kinds of comfort, for them speaking the wonderful Dharma, teaching to enable them to be mindful of the Buddha. If those persons, by suffering bothered, have no time to be mindful of the Buddha, a good friend says these words, “If you are those not able to be mindful of that Buddha, you should recite ‘Immeasurable Life Buddha’. Thus with the sincere mind, enable its sound to not end, to complete ten thoughts, reciting ‘Námó Amitā[bha/yus] Buddha’ [i.e. Námó Āmítuófó].” Reciting the Buddha’s name thus, in thought to thought within, eliminating eighty koṭis’ kalpas’ transgressions of births and deaths. When their lives are ending, they will see golden lotus flowers, similar to the sun disc, abiding before these persons. As if in one thought moment, they will immediately attain rebirth in the Land Of Ultimate Bliss.
(6) 因：临命终时，遇善知识，种种安慰，为说妙法，教令 (i), (ii), (iii) 念佛。彼人苦逼，不遑念佛。善友告言：『汝若不能念彼佛者，应称「无量寿佛」。如是至心，令声不绝，具足十念，称「南无阿弥陀佛」。』
(6) Cause: When approaching their lives’ end, meet good-knowing friends, offering all kinds of comfort, for them speaking the wonderful Dharma, teaching to enable them to (i), (ii), (iii) be mindful of the Buddha. If those persons, by suffering bothered, have no time to be mindful of the Buddha, a good friend says these words, “If you are those not able to be mindful of that Buddha, you should recite ‘Immeasurable Life Buddha’. Thus with the sincere mind, enable its sound to not end, to complete ten thoughts, reciting ‘Námó Amitā[bha/yus] Buddha’ [i.e. Námó Āmítuófó].”
[These are the Three Provisions (三资粮) of (iii) true Practice (实行) of mindfulness of Buddha (念佛) with (i) profound Faith (深信) and (ii) sincere Aspiration (切愿).]
缘：称佛名故，于念念中，除八十亿劫生死之罪。命终之时，见金莲华，犹如日轮，住其人前。
Conditions: Reciting the Buddha’s name thus, in thought to thought within, eliminating eighty koṭis’ kalpas’ transgressions of births and deaths. When their lives are ending, they will see golden lotus flowers, similar to the sun disc, abiding before these persons.
果：如一念顷，即得往生极乐世界。
Effect: As if in one thought moment, they will immediately attain rebirth in the Land Of Ultimate Bliss.
《普贤菩萨行愿品》
[5] Universal Virtue Bodhisattva’s Practices And Vows’ Chapter
https//purelanders.com/xingyuan
【第十大愿：普皆回向：净土长行】
唯此愿王，不相舍离，于一切时，引导其前。一刹那中，即得往生极乐世界。
[Tenth Great Vow: Universally Dedicating: Pure Land Prose]
Only with this Vows’ King, not abandoning and departing from one another, at all times, guiding them forward. Within one kṣaṇa, immediately attaining rebirth in the Land Of Ultimate Bliss.
(7) 因：(i), (ii), (iii) 唯此愿王，不相舍离，于一切时，引导其前。
(7) Cause: (i), (ii), (iii) Only with this Vows’ King, not abandoning and departing from one another, at all times, guiding them forward.
[These are the Three Provisions (三资粮) of (iii) true Practice (实行) of mindfulness of Buddha (念佛) with (i) profound Faith (深信) and (ii) sincere Aspiration (切愿).]
缘：[得佛接引]
Conditions: [Attain the Buddha’s reception and guidance]
果：一刹那中，即得往生极乐世界。
Effect: Within one kṣaṇa, immediately attaining rebirth in the Land Of Ultimate Bliss.
【第十大愿：普皆回向：净土偈颂】
[48] (i), (ii), (iii) 愿我临欲命终时，尽除一切诸障碍，面见彼佛阿弥陀，即得往生安乐刹。
[Tenth Great Vow: Universally Dedicating: Pure Land Verses]
[48] (i), (ii), (iii) May I, when approaching, almost at life’s end, completely eliminate all obstacles, face and see that Amitā[bha] Buddha, immediately attain rebirth in his Land Of Peace And Bliss.
(8) 因：愿我临欲命终时，尽除一切诸障碍
(8) Cause: May I, when approaching, almost at life’s end, completely eliminate all obstacles
[These are the Three Provisions (三资粮) of (iii) true Practice (实行) of mindfulness of Buddha (念佛) with (i) profound Faith (深信) and (ii) sincere Aspiration (切愿).]
缘：面见彼佛阿弥陀
Conditions: Face and see that Amitā[bha Buddha]
果：即得往生安乐刹。
Effect: Immediately attain rebirth in his Land Of Peace And Bliss.
相关教理
Related Teachings:
三资粮
The Three Provisions
https://purelanders.com/2018/02/08/the-three-provisions
