四土共与不共之处
[287] Aspects Of [The] Four Lands’ Commonalities And Distinctions
「凡圣同居」、「方便有余」二土，乃约带业往生之凡夫，与断见思惑之小圣而立，不可约佛而论。
‘Ordinary [And] Noble [Beings’] Together Dwelling’, [and] ‘Skilful [or Expedient] Means With Remainder’, [these] two lands, [are] thus restricted [to] ordinary beings who carry [evil] karmas [to be] reborn, and [the] Small [Vehicle’s] noble [beings] who [have] severed [wrong] views [and] thoughts’ confusions then established. [They] cannot [be] restricted [to] Buddhas then discussed.
若约佛论，非但西方四土，全体「寂光」。即此五浊恶世、三途恶道，自佛视之，何一不是寂光？
If restricted [to] Buddhas discussing, not only [is the] Western [Pure Land Of Ultimate Bliss’] four lands’ entire essence ‘Still Light’, even [of] this five defilements’ evil period’s three realms’ evil paths, if Buddhas look [at] them, how is [each] one not Still Light?
[Note 1: Five defilements (五浊): Five spiritual and physical corruptions (turbidities): (i) kalpa’s defilement (劫浊), (which is this evil period [恶世] when all kinds of corrupted phenomena [defilements below] increasingly gather), (ii) views’ defilement (见浊), (which are wrong and harmful views), (iii) afflictions’ defilement (烦恼浊), (which cause suffering due to greed, anger, ignorance, arrogance and doubt [贪嗔痴慢疑]), (iv) sentient beings’ defilement (众生浊), (which arise from views’ defilement [见浊] and afflictions’ defilement [烦恼浊] mixing to give rise to sentient beings defiled in body and mind), (v) lifespan’s Defilement (命浊), (which is the ill effect of having shorter lives [due to defilements above], that makes spiritual progress without the Pure Land path difficult).]
[Note 2: Three (lower) realms’ evil paths (三途恶道): (i) hell-being realm/path (地狱途/道), (ii) hungry ghost realm/path (饿鬼途/道), (iii) animal realm/path (畜生途/道).]
故曰：「毗卢遮那，遍一切处，其佛所住，名『常寂光』。」
Thus saying, ‘[With] Vairocana pervading all places, that which [the] Buddha abides, [is] named [as] “Constant Still Light”.’
遍一切处之常寂光土，唯满证光明遍照之毗卢遮那法身者，亲得受用耳。余皆分证。若十信以下，至于凡夫，理则有而事则无耳。
Of pervading all places’ Constant Still Light’s Land, only those [who have] fully realised Vairocana’s Dharma Body’s bright light everywhere illuminating, personally attain [its] benefits. [The] others all [have] partial realisation. As for [those of the] Ten Faiths and below, as far as to ordinary beings, [in] principle then having [them], yet [in] practice, [are] then without [them].
欲详知者，当细研《弥陀要解》论四土文。而《梵网玄义》，亦复具明。
Those desiring [to] detailedly know [this], should carefully study ‘[The] Essential Explanation [Of The Sūtra In Which The Buddha Speaks Of A]mitā[bha Buddha’s]《佛说阿弥陀经要解》discussion [on the] four lands’ text. And [the] ‘Brahma Net’s Profound Meanings’, [is] likewise completely clear.
（「毗卢遮那」，华言「光明遍照」，亦云「遍一切处」，乃一切诸佛究竟极果，满证清净法身之通号。圆满报身卢舍那佛亦然。若释迦、弥陀、药师、阿閦等，乃化身佛之各别名号耳。「卢舍那」，华言「净满」，以其惑业净尽、福慧圆满，乃约智、断二德所感之果报而言。）
(‘Vairocana’ [in the] Chinese language [means] ‘bright light everywhere illuminating’. also called ‘pervading all places’. [It is] thus all Buddhas’ ultimate [and] utmost fruit, [the] common name of [their] fully realised pure Dharma Body. [The] perfect [and] complete Reward Body’s Rocana Buddha [is] likewise thus. As for Śākya[muni, A]mitā[bha], Medicine Master, Akṣobhya [and] others, thus [are the] distinct names of Manifestation Bodies’ Buddhas only. ‘Rocana’ [in the] Chinese language [means] ‘pure [and] complete’, with his confusions [and evil] karmas completely gone, blessings [and] wisdom perfect [and] complete. [This is] thus restricted [to] those connected [to karmic] fruit’s rewards of wisdom [and] severance [of] duality’s virtues then spoken.)
又须知「实报」、「寂光」，本属一土。
Also, [it] must [be] known [that] ‘True Rewards’ [and] ‘Still Light’, originally belong [to] one land.
约称性所感之果，则云实报。约究竟所证之理，则云寂光。
Restricted [to the] fruit of matching nature that connected, then speaking [of] True Rewards. Restricted [to the] principles of [the] ultimate that realised, then speaking [of] Still Light.
初住初入实报，分证寂光。妙觉乃云上上实报，究竟寂光。
[Those of the] First Abode first entering True Rewards, [have] partially realised Still Light. [Those of] Wonderful Awakening [are] thus said [to have the] most supreme True Rewards [and] ultimate Still Light.
是初住至等觉，二土皆属分证。妙觉极果，则二土皆属究竟耳。
These [from the] First Abode to Equal Awakening, [are with the] two lands all belonging [to those] partially realised. [Those with] Wonderful Awakening’s utmost fruit, [are] then [with the] two lands all belonging [to the] ultimate only.
讲者于实报则唯约分证，于寂光则唯约究竟。
Those speaking of True Rewards, [are] then only restricted [to those] partially realised. [And] of Still Light, [are] then only restricted [to that] ultimate.
寂光无相，实报具足华藏世界海微尘数不可思议微妙庄严。
Still Light [is] without form, [and] True Rewards [is] complete [with the] Flower Treasury World’s ocean-[wide] fine dust [motes’] number [of] inconceivable refined [and] wonderful adornments.
譬如虚空，体非群相，而一切诸相，由空发挥。
For example, like empty space, [its] essence [is] not many forms, yet all forms, [are] due [to this] space brought out.
又如宝镜，虚明洞彻，了无一物，而复「胡来胡现，汉来汉现」。
Also like [a] treasure mirror, clear [and] bright [when] seen through, completely without one object, yet again, ‘[When a] Hú [person] comes, [the] Hú [person] appears, [when a] Hàn [person] comes, the] Hàn [person] appears.’
实报、寂光，即一而二，即二而一。欲人易了，作二土说。
True Rewards [and] Still Light, [are] then one yet two, [are] then two yet one. Desiring people [to] easily understand, having two lands spoken.
净土宗十三祖印光大师
Pure Land Tradition’s 13th Patriarch Great Master Yìnguāng
《印光法师文钞》（正编）：复永嘉某居士书五；
Dharma Master Yìnguāng’s Collected Writings (First Compilation): Fifth Reply Letter [To A] Certain Yǒngjiā Layperson;
印光大师文钞菁华录（第两百八十七则）：八、释普通疑惑：论四土（第三十六则）
Record [Of] Great Master Yìnguāng’s Collected Writings’ Essence (287th Short Section): 8th [Chapter]: Explanations [On] Common Doubts [And] Confusions: Discussion [On The] Four Lands (36th Short Section)
[Ref: #287 / 8.36]
Namo Amituofo : Translation and notes by Shen Shi’an
相关典籍
Related Text:
《印光大师文钞菁华录》
Record Of Great Master Yìnguāng’s Collected Writings’ Essence
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