[281] 五逆十恶之流临终十念与平常十念有何不同？谤法之人也能带业往生?
[281] [The] Kind Of [Beings With The] Five Transgressions [And] Ten Evils Approaching [Life’s] End [With] Ten Thoughts, With [Those In] Ordinary Times [With] Ten Thoughts Have What Differences? [Are] Those Persons [Who Have] Slandered [The] Dharma Also Able [To] Bring [Their] Karmas [To Be] Reborn [In Pure Land]?
◎ 此之十念，比平常之十念，其猛切有天渊相殊之势，故得往生也。以地狱极苦所逼，其一闻佛名，乃以全副精神为之称念。除此念外，绝无他念。
◎ [Summary 1]: Of these ten thoughts, compared [with the] ten thoughts of ordinary times, their power of boldness [and] sincerity has [the] sky [and] abyss’ difference [from] each other, thus attaining rebirth. With [the] hells’ extreme suffering, [by] that compelled, once hearing [Āmítuó]fó’s name, thus completely with vigour for its recitation. Apart [from] this thought, absolutely without other thoughts.
◎ 谤法之人知曾谤法，后知改悔，则得往生。譬如病愈，即是好人。归降，即是顺民也。若谓谤法之人，后纵改悔，亦不得往生，便完全失却修持准绳。是知儒佛皆以改过迁善，以期希圣希贤，断惑证真为事也。世人不善会其意，徒执其文，自生障碍。
◎ [Summary 2]: Those persons [who] know [they have] previously slandered [the] Dharma, later knowing [to] repent, [they] then [can] attain rebirth. For example, like [those with] sicknesses healed, immediately are healthy persons. [Those who have] surrendered, immediately are docile subjects. If saying those persons [who have] slandered [the] Dharma, later, even if [having] repented, also [do] not attain rebirth, [this] then completely loses [the] Practice’s criterion. [The] Book [Of Documents]《尚书》says, ‘Only [with the] sagacious not thinking about doing good becoming mad, only [with the] mad controlling [their] thoughts becoming sagacious.’ [It] is known [that] Confucianism [and] Buddhism [are] all with correcting [of] faults [and] changing [to be] good, with [the] hope [of] following [the] sagacious [and] following [the] virtuous, severing confusions [and] realising [the] true as practice. [The] world’s people [who are] not good [at] understanding this meaning, [are] only attached [to] that text, personally giving rise [to] obstacles.
五逆十恶之流，临终能生大惭愧，生大怖畏，志心念佛数声，随即命终者，亦得决定往生。
[When the] kind of [beings with the] Five Transgressions [and] Ten Evils, approaching [life’s] end, [are] able [to] give rise [to] great repentance, [and] give rise [to] great fear, [with the] sincere mind mindful [of the] Buddha[‘s name] [i.e. Āmítuófó: 阿弥陀佛] [for] several recitations, immediately then, those [at] life’s end, also [can] attain definite rebirth [in his Pure Land (净土)].
以佛慈广大，专以度生为事。一念回光，即蒙摄受。所谓仗佛慈力，带业往生也。
With [the] Buddha’s compassion vast [and] great, focused [to be] with delivering beings as [his] practice. [With] one thought returning [the] light, immediately receiving gathering [and] reception. [This is] so-called relying on [the] Buddha’s compassionate power, [to] bring [their] karmas [to be] reborn.
《复岳仙峤居士书》
Reply Letter [To] Layperson Yuè Xiānjiào
四十八愿中，十念称名，即得往生，唯除五逆，诽谤正法。此约平时说。
Within [the] forty-eight vows, [with] ten thoughts reciting [Āmítuófó’s (阿弥陀佛)] name, immediately attains rebirth [in his Pure Land (净土)], only excluding [those who] slander [the] Right Dharma. This [is] restricted [to] ordinary times speaking.
以五逆罪大，谤法不信，此种罪障，岂悠悠泛泛之修持所能灭乎。
With [the] Five Transgressions great, slandering [the] Dharma, not believing [in it], this kind [of] transgressive obstacle, how can [it be with] leisurely [and] superficial practice, that [is] able [to] destroy [it]?
《观经》五逆十恶，将欲命终，地狱相现，有善知识（此不论僧俗男女，但能教彼念佛者，即名善知识。）教以念佛，或止十声，或不及十声，直下命终，亦得仗佛慈力，带业往生。
[In the] Contemplation Sūtra, [of those with the] Five Transgressions [and] Ten Evils, [when they are] going to, almost [be at] life’s end, [with the] hells’ forms appearing, [if there] are good-knowing friends (This [is] regardless [of] those [as] monastics [or] laypersons, males [or] females, however able [to] teach those [to be] mindful [of Āmítuó]fó, [they are] thus named [as] good-knowing friends.) teaching [them to be] with mindfulness [of Āmítuó]fó, perhaps only [with] ten recitations, or not reaching ten recitations, directly down [to] life’s end, [they will] also attain relying on [the] Buddha’s compassionate power, [to] bring [their] karmas [to be] reborn.
此之十念，比平常之十念，其猛切有天渊相殊之势，故得往生也。
Of these ten thoughts, compared [with the] ten thoughts of ordinary times, their power of boldness [and] sincerity has [the] sky [and] abyss’ difference [from] each other, thus attaining rebirth.
以地狱极苦所逼，其一闻佛名，乃以全副精神为之称念。除此念外，绝无他念。虽非亲证一心不乱，然其心毕竟了无异念。
With [the] hells’ extreme suffering, [by] that compelled, once hearing [Āmítuó]fó’s name, thus completely with vigour for its recitation. Apart [from] this thought, absolutely without other thoughts. Although not personally realising single-mindedness without [being] scattered, however, their minds [are] after all completely without different thoughts.
当此之时，绝无有三心二意，疑信相参之心相，故不言及谤法。即平素谤法之人，亦必如堕水火以求救援，何暇生疑起谤耶?
When [at] this moment, absolutely not having three minds [or] two thoughts, [with the] mind’s forms of doubts [and] faith mixing [with] each other, thus not speaking of slandering [the] Dharma. Thus, of people ordinarily slandering [the] Dharma, [who are] also definitely like falling [into] waters [and] fires, with seeking [of] rescue, how [can there be] spare time [to] give rise [to] doubt [and] give rise [to] slander?
《往生论》谓谤法者，决定不生。以既谤正法，自无正信，何能往生？此极劝人生正信耳。
[The] Rebirth Treatise says those [who] slander [the] Dharma, [will] definitely not [be] born. With [them] already slandering [the] Right Dharma, personally without Right Faith, how [are they] able [to be] reborn? This [is for] utmost encouraging [of] people [to] give rise [to] Right Faith only.
若先曾谤法，后知改悔，则得往生。譬如病愈，即是好人。归降，即是顺民也。
If [there are those who have] first previously slandered [the] Dharma, later knowing [to] repent, [they] then [can] attain rebirth. For example, like [those with] sicknesses healed, immediately are healthy persons. [Those who have] surrendered, immediately are docile subjects.
若谓谤法之人，后纵改悔，亦不得往生，便完全失却修持准绳。与儒教尚不合，况佛以一切众生同具佛性，皆当成佛乎。
If saying those persons [who have] slandered [the] Dharma, later, even if [having] repented, also [do] not attain rebirth, [this] then completely loses [the] Practice’s criterion. With [the] Confucian teachings still not compatible, moreover Buddhism, with all sentient beings similarly possessing Buddha-nature, [who] will all become Buddhas.
《书》云：「惟圣罔念作狂，惟狂克念作圣。」是知儒佛皆以改过迁善，以期希圣希贤，断惑证真为事也。
[The] Book [Of Documents]《尚书》says, ‘Only [with the] sagacious not thinking about doing good becoming mad, only [with the] mad controlling [their] thoughts becoming sagacious.’ [It] is known [that] Confucianism [and] Buddhism [are] all with correcting [of] faults [and] changing [to be] good, with [the] hope [of] following [the] sagacious [and] following [the] virtuous, severing confusions [and] realising [the] true as practice.
世人不善会其意，徒执其文，自生障碍。
[The] world’s people [who are] not good [at] understanding this meaning, [are] only attached [to] that text, personally giving rise [to] obstacles.
《复陈薪儒居士书》
Reply Letter [To] Layperson Chén Xīnrú
净土宗十三祖印光大师
Pure Land Tradition’s 13th Patriarch Great Master Yìnguāng
《印光法师答念佛600问》
Dharma Master Yìnguāng’s Answers [For] Mindfulness [Of] Buddha’s 600 Questions
释宗柱法师审阅
[By] Dharma Master Shì Zōngzhù Reviewed
Namo Amituofo : Translation and notes by Shen Shi’an
相关经典
Related Sūtras:
《无量寿经》
Immeasurable Life Sūtra
https://purelanders.com/dajing
《观经》
Contemplation Sūtra
https://purelanders.com/guanjing
《往生论》
Rebirth Treatise
https://purelanders.com/lun
